You Searched For: SHENANDOAH BIOTECHNOLOGY

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 17E (IL-17E), also known as IL-25, is a member of the IL-17 family of cytokines. IL-17E binds to the IL-17RB receptor to stimulate the secretion of the proinflammatory interleukin 8 (IL-8) chemokine and to induce the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB).

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is an immunomodulatory cytokine that functions to induce naïve helper T cells to differentiate into type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. Th2 cells subsequently produce more IL-4 in a positive feedback loop. IL-4 also promotes immunoglobulin IgG to IgE isotype switching on B cells. IL-4 binds the IL-4Rα receptor to activate STAT6 signaling.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an important pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expressed by T cells, macrophages, and muscle cells. IL-6 signals through a receptor complex containing two receptors, IL-6Rα and gp130.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (MIP-1 β), also known as CCL4, is  produced by macrophages and functions as a mitogen-inducible cytokine. MIP-1 β signals through the chemokine receptor CCR5 to chemoattract immune cells. MIP-1 β induces inflammatory responses, including neutrophil superoxide production. The MIP-1 β and MIP-1 α heterodimer exhibits antiviral activity against the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1).

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine that functions as a potent inducer of neutrophilic granulocyte proliferation, terminal differentiation, and activation. G-CSF synthesis occurs in monocyte, macrophage, epithelial, endothelial, and fibroblast cells after activation by bacterial endotoxins, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 (IL-1), or interleukin 17 (IL-17).

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 17F (IL-17F), a member of the IL-17 cytokine family, is secreted by activated CD4+ T cells and monocytes. IL-17F binds the IL-17 receptor related molecule, IL17RC, to promote the production of the interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) cytokines. IL-17F also functions to regulate matrix turnover rates, inhibit endothelial cell angiogenesis, and induce the endothelial cell expression of interleukin 2 (IL-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1).

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a growth factor that stimulates the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of epithelial and epidermal cells. EGF contains three intramolecular disulfide bonds and binds in high affinity to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interferon-alpha 2b (IFN-α 2b) is a type I interferon made by leukocytes during viral infection. The JAK-STAT pathway mediates the antiviral and anti-cell proliferation activities of IFN-α 2b. IFN-α proteins are widely used as standard treatments during antiviral and antineoplastic therapies. The IFN-α 2b variant differs from IFN-α 2a by one amino acid.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Macrophage inflammatory protein-3 alpha (MIP-3 α), also called CCL20, is expressed in the liver, lungs, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood lymphocytes. MIP-3 α expression is strongly induced by inflammatory signals, and downregulated by the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10). MIP-3 α signals through the G protein-coupled receptor CCR6 to function as a chemoattractant to lymphocytes and dendritic cells.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is an immunomodulatory cytokine that is produced by lymphocytes. IL-2 signals through the IL-2R receptor to induce activated T cell proliferation and promote T cell differentiation. IL-2 also stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of B cells, natural killer cells, monocytes, and macrophages.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Sonic hedgehog (SHH) is a member of a small group of hedgehog secreted proteins that are essential for development in both vertebrates and invertebrates. There are three mammalian hedgehog homologues, sonic, desert, and indian, that signal via the Patched-1 and Patched-2 receptors. SHH is a morphogen that is essential during vertebrate organogenesis and adult stem cell division.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 5 (IL-5) is a hematopoietic growth factor that is expressed in type 2 T helper (Th2) cells, mast cells, and eosinophils. IL-5 acts through the IL-5 receptor (IL-5R), stimulates B cell growth, and mediates eosinophil activation. IL-5 expression is regulated by the GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) transcription factor. Human and mouse IL-5 show cross-reactivity.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Stem cell factor (SCF) is a cytokine made by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. SCF binds to the receptor c-Kit/CD117 and plays a critical role in the maintenance, survival, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. While human SCF shows no activity on murine cells, murine and rat SCF are active on human cells.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor produced by endothelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, and T cells. GM-CSF stimulates the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells. GM-CSF promotes immune system development and regulates neutrophil function during infection.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: The p28 subunit of interleukin 27 (IL-27), also known as interleukin 30 (IL-30), is a member of the interleukin 12 (IL-12) family of cytokines. p28 is a secreted polypeptide that associates with the Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 3 (EBI3) to form the IL-27 cytokine heterodimer complex. IL-27 functions as a proinflammatory cytokine that induces immunomodulatory effects in naïve CD4+ T cells, mast cells, and monocytes. p28 can also form a complex with cytokine-like factor 1 (CLF), that is secreted by dendritic cells, to regulate natural killer (NK) and T cell functions.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 17F (IL-17F), a member of the IL-17 cytokine family, is secreted by activated CD4+ T cells and monocytes. IL-17F binds the IL-17 receptor related molecule, IL17RC, to promote the production of the interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) cytokines. IL-17F also functions to regulate matrix turnover rates, inhibit endothelial cell angiogenesis, and induce the endothelial cell expression of interleukin 2 (IL-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1).